An electric motor (or electrical motor) is an electric machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor’s magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding. This interaction generates a force in the form of torque which is applied to the motor’s shaft.
Electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as batteries or rectifiers. Or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as inverters, electric generators, or a power grid.
History of motors In the year 1821, British scientist Michael Faraday explained the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy by placing a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, which resulted in the conductor’s rotation due to the torque produced by the mutual action of electrical current and field. Based on his principle, the most primitive of machines, a DC (Direct Current) machine, was designed by another British scientist William Sturgeon in the year 1832. But his model was overly expensive and wasn’t used for any practical purpose. Later in the year 1886, the first electrical motor was invented by scientist Frank Julian Sprague. That was capable of rotating at a constant speed under a varied load range and thus derived motoring action.